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医心医译医学翻译

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diglo(帝高)医学英语口语沙龙

 

My dear friends,Welcome to the diglo medical oral english salon:) This website is used to publish the notice of our salon. you may get the latest news here! Our purpose is very clear.let's try our best to make progress in medical oral english.

文章

帝高医学英语暑期班热烈招生中.....

帝高医学英语暑期班热烈招生中.....

主要课程为:
医学英语词缀、词根串讲。
医学论文写作常识。
请各位老师做好备课。

- 作者: huiqun2001 2008年07月13日, 星期日 22:24  回复(1) |  引用(0) 加入博采

帝高医学英语暑期班热烈招生中.....

帝高医学英语暑期班热烈招生中.....

主要课程为:
医学英语词缀、词根串讲。
医学论文写作常识。
请各位老师做好备课。

- 作者: huiqun2001 2008年07月13日, 星期日 22:24  回复(1) |  引用(0) 加入博采

帝高医学英语翻译暑期特训通知!

帝高医学英语暑期特训开班通知。
小班教学,采用讨论教学法。
教材:内部教材
课时:14天,每天6学时。
主要内容:SCI研读,SCI常见翻译错误分析,SCI实战翻译,SCI各类型应用文书写技巧。
教学目的:熟悉SCI论文格式,常用句型,熟悉投稿信Cover letter的写作,熟悉审稿人的常见问题回答格式,掌握专业术语的翻译,掌握基本写作语法!

- 作者: huiqun2001 2008年07月13日, 星期日 22:19  回复(1) |  引用(0) 加入博采

DIGLO徽标秀

DIGLO徽标秀

DIGLO徽标的设计思想体现“不断创新,保持领先,与世界同步”的理念。
中间的红色的1为争取行业第一的目标:
蓝色的外环表示D和G两个字母,这两个字母既是帝高的中文拼音的首字母,又是DIGLO的两个核心字母,设计成椭圆形,寓意世界,因为是做医学英语教育,所以很有必要掌握世界最新的知识和技能来提高与世界同行的紧密联系。
风格:简介,大方

- 作者: huiqun2001 2008年07月13日, 星期日 22:19  回复(1) |  引用(0) 加入博采

医心医译医学翻译论坛1岁啦
医心医译医学翻译论坛1岁啦

- 作者: huiqun2001 2008年05月13日, 星期二 13:48  回复(1) |  引用(0) 加入博采

帝高两周岁啦!

帝高医学英语口语沙龙两周岁啦!

系列活动:

1.医心医译医学翻译论坛宣传有奖活动.

2.进行医心医译医学英语口语学习交流会!

3.茶餐厅聚会party!

4.临床系列医学英语光盘发放!

5.临床系列医学英语资料医心医译医学翻译论坛--医学英语考试首发仪式!

6.帝高既往活动回顾!

7.帝高组员通讯簿!

8.帝高核心人员联欢!

- 作者: huiqun2001 2007年09月15日, 星期六 15:08  回复(2) |  引用(1) 加入博采

医学临床系列英语幻灯制作公告!
新学期,帝高医学口语沙龙在进行医学综合征的英语讨论外,将进行临床医学英语课件的制作!
本次临床课程制作采用基础课程的制作方式,进行以下课程的制作
诊断学,内科,外科,妇产科,儿科,眼科,五官科,影像诊断,皮肤科九大科目。
其中内科,外科再根据科室不同定义为:
内科:血液内科,消化内科,呼吸内科,急诊内科,心血管内科,肾脏内科,内分泌科七个小科。
外科:骨科,神经外科,胸外科,泌尿外科,普外科,儿外科等6个小科。
本次课件制作仍突出口语学习,课程简明,图文并茂。
请各组员再接再励,打造出色的医学临床课程英语系列幻灯。
本套课件英语材料和版面设计由医心医译医学在线翻译支持!
工作进度:目前已完成影像诊断,外科(普外,总论),皮肤病,
妇产科正在整理中
内科在审校中
敬请关注!

- 作者: huiqun2001 2007年09月9日, 星期日 14:48  回复(1) |  引用(1) 加入博采

医学术语学系列幻灯火热出炉!


     医心医译Medical terminology系列课件火热出炉!总共17个幻灯,专题包括医学术语的构成,前缀,后缀,基本词根,体表系统,泌尿系统,呼吸系统,循环系统,运动系统,生殖系统,消化系统,血液和免疫系统,疾病诊断药物等各科词汇,图文并茂,生动易懂。课件综合了国外医学术语学经典书籍和国外著名医学高等院校上课讲义,结合国内学生每课结构包括医学结构和词根,练习,相关临床知识拓展部分,适合各类想积累医学英语词汇的同学。是一个不可多得的医学英语基础学习资料。
    课件已在医心医译医学翻译论坛医学翻译版块(http://medicine.5d6d.com)发布,届时所有会员可以在线学习,还不赶快去注册!


- 作者: huiqun2001 2007年08月29日, 星期三 13:12  回复(1) |  引用(1) 加入博采

通知:与医心医译翻译论坛进行合作,开展网上医学英语口语活动!
各位帝高组员:
我们的交流博客已经快要两年了。首先,允许我做一个简短的回顾。
帝高医学英语沙龙是一个医学专业英语爱好者进行交流活动的学习型组织,开展专业英语口语学习活动已经有两年历史了,沙龙成员已经掌握了常用的医学单词读法,开展的活动方式为医学课程英语交流,医学专题英语讨论,医学脱口秀,医学影视资料精听,医学视频讲解,医学交替翻译训练......原沙龙活动采取实地和网络相结合的方式,获得了较好的成果。
现准备将网络活动与医心医译医学翻译论坛结合(http://medicine.5d6d.com),扩大沙龙成员与医学英语口语爱好者的交流。
欢迎各位帝高组员到论坛中医学英语口语板块,参加活动!
特此公告,祝沙龙网上活动顺利进行!

- 作者: huiqun2001 2007年06月30日, 星期六 18:23  回复(1) |  引用(1) 加入博采

DIGLO 医学核心课程配套英语教材光盘发放

各位帝高组员:

本学期进行的医学基础课程11门课的医学英语教材光盘已经完成,核心组员已发放,其他需要的朋友联系我。

- 作者: huiqun2001 2007年06月24日, 星期日 10:54  回复(3) |  引用(1) 加入博采

祝医心医译医学翻译改版成功!

医心医译网站新版新鲜出炉!欢迎各位新老朋友前来捧场!

http://yytranslation.ie58.com

欢迎各位朋友提出宝贵意见,正式一级域名启动将在8月份进行!现在二级域名试运行阶段!

- 作者: huiqun2001 2007年06月14日, 星期四 22:51  回复(1) |  引用(1) 加入博采

祝贺医心医译医学翻译07年用户指南新鲜出炉!

祝贺医心医译07年用户指南新鲜出炉!当您需要提取此文件时只需: 匿名提取文件连接http://pickup.mofile.com/6536525758712690 或登录Mofile,使用提取码 6536525758712690 提取文件
祝您工作愉快!

- 作者: huiqun2001 2007年05月12日, 星期六 19:42  回复(2) |  引用(1) 加入博采

Head

Head

Wu huiqun

The human anatomy department

 

Layers

n     consists of five layers:

q     Skin

q     Superficial fascia

q     Galea aponeurotica and occipitofrontalis

q     Subaponeurotic space (loose connective tissue) 腱膜下隙

q     Pericranium  

q     The superficial 3 layer are closely knit together, called scalp

 

n     The skin has the greatest concentration of hair and sebaceous皮脂腺glands

n     The superficial fascia is dense connective tissue that binds the skin strongly to the underlying galea aponeurotica

q    Wounds of the scalp bleed profusely but heal well.

   

 

Arteries, veins and nerves

n     Anterior group

q     Supratrochlear a. v. n.滑车上的

q     Supraorbital a.  v.  n.

n     Posterior group

q     Occipital a.  v.

q     Greater occipital n.

 

n     Galea aponeurotica

q     It is interposed between the frontalis and occipitalis portions of the occipitofrontalis muscle.

q     These muscles place the aponeurosis under tension so that deep transverse lacerations of the scalp gape widely .

 

n     Subaponeurotic space (loose connective tissue)

q     Extracranial hematoma, the result of bleeding in the subaponeurotic space, can extend over the cranium. lt can extend posteriorly, to the superior nuchal line; anteriorly, into the eyelids to produce the “black eye”; and laterally, to the temporal line.

q     The loose connective tissue layer provides the plane of separation in any injury that tears the scalp from the calvaria颅盖or for the surgeon elevating the scalp from the periosteum.

 

q     Contains  a rich network of deep arteries and veins. Therefore, this layer has been called the “dangerous area”.

q     Infaction may spread to the substance of the bones, to venous channels within the cranial cavity, or to the brain.

 

n     Pericranium

    Fuses firmly with bone at the sutures and with the periosteum of the adjacent bone, thus limiting the subperiosteal space.

Arteries of head

Facial a.

n          Branch of external carotoid a.

n          Runs forward over digastric and submandibular gland

n          Loops around mandible (where it is palpable), at anterior border of masseter, to enter the face

n          Follows a tortuous扭曲的course to medial angle of eye

n          Lies deep to most facial muscles

n  &bsp;       Branches

q        Inferior labial a. 下唇动脉

q        Superior labial a.

q        Angular a.

 

 

Superficial temporal a. Terminal branch of external carotid a.

n         Ascends in front of ear (where it is palpable) to supply temporal and anterior portion of scalp

n         Transverse facial a.

n         runs above parotid duct to supply the cheek region

 

Maxillary artery

n         Branch of external carotid a.

n         Entrance to infratemporal fossa medial to neck of mandible

 

n     Branches

q     Inferior alveolar a. Middle meningeal a. enters the skull through foreman spinosum蝶骨棘

n      Supplies cranium and dura mater

q     Posterior superior alveolar a.

 

Veins of head

Facial vein

n      Begins at medial angle of eye (angular vein)

n      Runs downward and backward through the face, posterior to the facial artery

n      Below angle of mandible, joins anterior branch of retromandibular vein to form common facial vein, which drains into internal jugular vein

 

n     Connections with cavernous sinus through the ophthalmic vein, and also through pteygoid plexus 翼静脉丛 via the deep facial vein

 

 

n     Danger area

n     lies between root of nose and two angles of mouth; in this area the facial vein has no valves

 

 

 

Retromandibular vein Formed by union of superficial temporal and maxillary veins

n     Divides into an anterior branch that unites with facial vein and a posterior branch that joins posterior auricular vein to become external jugular vein

 

Pteygoid  plexus

   Receives blood from all regions supplied by maxillary a.

n     Communicates with

q     Face by deep facial veins

q     Cavernous sinus by veins draining base of skull

n     Provides possible pathway for spread of infection to cranial cavity

 

The lymphatic drainage of head

 Lymph nodes of head

n      Located at junction of head and neck

n      Consist of occipital, mastoid, parotid, submandibular, submental lymph nodes

n      Drain into deep cervical lymph nodes

n      Submandibular lymph node lies near the submandibular gland, receive lymphatic vessels from the face, nose and mouth

Nerves of head

Facial nerve ()

Leaves skull through internal acoustic meatus, facial canal and stylomastoid foramen

n          Divided three parts

q        First partbetween stylomastoid foramen and parotid gland

q        Second partwithin parotid gland

q        Third partoutside of parotid gland

 

 

 

 

 

n     Enters parotid gland and divides into its five terminal branches for muscles of facial expression

q     Temporal              

q     Zygomatic

q     Buccal

q     Marginal mandibular

q      Cervical

 

 

Trigeminal nerve ()

n     Ophthalmic nerve

(1) supraorbital n.

n     Maxillary nerve

(2) infraorbital n.

n     Mandibular nerve

n     (3) mental n. 颏神经

Parotid gland

n     Position: situated below the external auditory meatus and lies in a deep hollow behind the ramus of mandibular and in front of the sternocleidomastoid

n     Superficial part: triangular in shape, lies below and in front of the external acoustic meatus, and partially covers the masseter.

n      Deep part: lies deep to medial pterygoid .

 

Parotid duct  

n    Arises front anterior border of gland

n    Lies 1.5 cm below and parallel to zygomatic arch

n    Passes forward over masseter, pierces the buccinator and oral mucosa to open opposite second upper molar tooth

 

 

Capsule of the parotid gland

n      The parotid gland is enclosed within a well-defined capsule which extension of the investing fascia of the neck.

n      The superficial capsule is thick and tightly affixed to the underlying glandular tissue by numerous fibrous septa.

n      The deep capsule is quite thin and easily disrupted.

Structures passing through the parotid gland

n     Vertical

q     External carotid a.

q     Retromandibular vein

q     Superficial temporal a. & v.

q     Auriculotemporal n.

n     Transversal

q     Maxillary a. & v.

q     Tranverse facial a. & v.

q     Branches of facial n.

Relationships of parotid gland

n      Superiorexternal acostic meatus, poterior margin of temporomandibular joint

n      Anteromedialymasseter, ramus of mandible, posterior part of medial pterygoid

n      Poateromedialmastoid process, sternocleidomastoid, posterior belly of digastric, styloid process, internal carotid a., internal jugular v., cranial nerves

n      Parotid bedinternal carotid a., internal jugular v., cranial nerves

 

Masseter space

n     Lies between the masseter, and ramus of mandible

Pterygomandibual space 翼下颌间隙

n     Lies between ramus of mandible and medial pterygoid

 

 

 

Sublingual space 舌下间隙

n     Between mucous membrane of floor of mouth and mylohyoid下颌舌骨的and hyoglossus舌骨舌肌

 

Temporal region

Boundaries

n     Superiorsuperior temporal line

n     Inferiorsuperior border of zygomatic arch

n     Anteriorthe junction of frontal and zygomatic bones

n     Posteriorposterior portion of superior temporal line

 

Layers

n     consists of five layers:

q     Skin

q     Superficial fascia

q     Temporal fascia

q     Temporalis

q     Periosteum

 

Superficial fascia

n     Anterior auricular group

q     Superficial temporal a. & v.

q     Auriculotemporal n.

n     Posterior auricular group

q     Posterior auricular a. & v.

q     Lesser occipital n.

- 作者: huiqun2001 2007年01月2日, 星期二 15:04  回复(2) |  引用(1) 加入博采

arrangment on DEC 29th

topic:                          speaker

neck vessels and nerves     stalin

grape                           

- 作者: huiqun2001 2006年12月27日, 星期三 16:23  回复(1) |  引用(1) 加入博采

Neck

Neck

 Stalin

 

The arteries of neck

Common carotid artery    颈总动脉

n    Origin (arises from)

q   Brachiocephalic trunk   on the right

q   Aortic arch on the left

n    Ascends in neck to upper border of thyroid cartilage; bifurcates into internal     and external carotid arteries

 

n      Carotid sinus 颈动脉窦(baroreceptor), located at a localizes dilation of terminal part of common carotid artery or beginning of internal carotid artery, sensitive to blood pressure changes

n      Carotid glomus 颈动脉小球 (chemoreceptor), lies posterior to the point of bifurcation of common carotid artery, senses changes in blood carbon dioxide (oxygen) levels

 

 

Branches of external carotid a.        

n      Superior thyroid a.              甲状腺上动脉descends to supply upper pole of thyroid gland and larynx

n      Lingual a. 舌动脉

n      Facial a. 面动脉

n      Occipital a.枕动脉

n      Posterior auricular a.             耳后动脉

n      Maxillary a. 上颌动脉

n      Superficial temporal a.        颞浅动脉

 

 Subclavian artery         锁骨下动脉

n      Origin (arises from)

q     Brachiocephalic trunk on right

q     Aortic arch on left

n      Becomes axillary artery at lateral border of first rib

n      Branches

q     Vertebral a. 椎动脉

q     Internal thoracic a. 胸廓内动脉

q     Thyrocervical trunk 甲状颈干

n      Inferior thyroid artery 甲状腺下动脉supplies inferior pole of thyroid gland

q     Costocervical trunk 肋颈干

 

Veins Draining the neck

Internal jugular vein   颈内静脉

n      Begin at jugular foramen, descending to join the subclavian vein to form brachiocephalic vein

n      Lies lateral first to internal and then to common carotid a. within carotid sheath

n      Chief extracranial tributaries

q     Common facial vein 面总静脉

q     Lingual v. 舌静脉

q     Pharyngeal v. 咽静脉

q     Superior thyroid v.甲状腺上静脉

q     Middle thyroid v. 甲状腺中静脉

 

 

/span>

 

Subclavian vein

n     It is an continuation of axillary vein at the lateral border of first rib

n     Joins internal jugular vein to form the brachiocephalic vein. Angle of union is termed venous angle 静脉角

 

External jugular vein 颈外静脉

n      Formed behind angle of mandible by union of posterior auricular, posterior branch of retromandibular and occipital vein

n      Crossing sternocleidomastoid to enter subclavian vein

 

Anterior jugular vein 颈前静脉

n      Drains submandibular and anterior neck regions

n      Descends near midline, runs posterior to sternal end of sternocleidomastoid to drain into external jugular vein or subclavian vein

Lymph nodes of neck

Anterior cervical lymph nodes

n     Superficial anterior cervical lymph nodes

n     Deep anterior cervical lymph nodes

Lateral cervical lymph node

n     Superficial lateral cervical lymph nodeslie along the external jugular vein

 

Deep lateral cervical lymph nodes

n      Extend along the internal jugular vein from the base of skull to the root of neck, divided into superior deep lateral cervical lymph nodes and inferior deep lateral cervical lymph nodes

n      Receive lymphatic vessels from head, neck, tongue, larynx, cervical parts of esophagus and trachea, thyroid gland, upper parts of the thoracic wall and breast

n      Efferent vessels form the jugular trunkthe left jugular trunk joins the thoracic duct and right may joint the right lymphatic duct

 

Superior deep lateral cervical lymph nodes 颈外侧上深淋巴结

n      Jugulodigastric lymph node       颈内静脉二腹肌淋巴结: lies at the junction of posterior  belly of digastric and internal jugular vein

 

Inferior deep lateral cervical lymph nodes 颈外侧下深淋巴结

n      Juguloomohyoid lymph node     颈内静脉肩胛舌骨肌淋巴结: lies at the junction of the intermediate tendon of omohyoid and internal jugular vein

n      Supraclavicular lymph nodes     锁骨上淋巴结: lie along the subclavian artery

 

Right lymphatic duct 右淋巴导管

n      Formed by union of right jugular, subclavian, and bronchomediastinal trunks

n      Ends by entering the right venous angle

n      Receives lymph from right half of head, neck, thorax and right upper limb

Thoracic duct 胸导管

n      At the roof of the neck, it turns laterally and arches forwards and descends to enter the left venous angle

n      Just before termination, it receives the left jugular, subclavian and bronchomediastinal trunks

Cervical plexus

Formation: formed by anterior rami of C1-C4 spinal nerves

Position: lies in front of the origin of levator scapulae and scalenus medius and deep to the superior part of the sternocleidomastoid

 

Branches

n     Cutaneous branches: emerge around middle of posterior border of sternocleidomastoid, to supply skin of neck and scalp between auricle and external occipital protuberance

q     Lesser occipital n. 枕小神经

q     Greet auricular n. 耳大神经

q     Transverse nerve of neck     颈横神经

q     Supraclavicular n.  锁骨上神经

 

 

n      Muscular branches: supply the deep muscles of neck

n      Phrenic nerve 膈神经(anterior rami of C3-C5)

q     Lies on anterior scalene, deep to fascia

q     To diaphragm (motor and sensory)

n      Ansa cervicalis 颈袢:

q     Hypoglossal nerve gives off superior root of ansa (descendens hypoglossi), composed of fibers picked up from nerve C1

q     Joins inferior root of ansa (descendens cervicalis, C2and C3) to form a loop, the ansa cervicalis, which supplies infrahyoid muscles

 

 

 

 

Vagus nerve ()

n         Leaves skull via jugular foramen

n         Descends in the neck in carotid sheath between internal (or common) carotid artery and internal jugular vein

 

n      Branches

q     Superior laryngeal nerve 喉上神经 passes down side of pharynx and given rise to

n      Internal branch 内支                           which pierces thyrohyoid membrane to innervates mucous membrane of larynx above fissure of glottis

n      External branch 外支                            which innervates cricothyroid

q     Cervical cardiac branches 颈心支 : descending to terminate in cardiac plexus

q     Recurrent laryngeal nerves 喉返神经

n      Ascend in tracheo-esophageal groove

n      Enter larynx posterior to cricothyroid joint, the nerve is now called inferior laryngeal nerve

n      Innervations: laryngeal mucosa below fissure of glottis , all laryngeal laryngeal muscles except cricothyroid

 

Accessory n. ( ) 副神经

n      Deep to posterior belly of digastric

n      Supplies sternoclidomastoid and trapezius muscle

 

Hypoglossal n.() 舌下神经

n      Descends between internal carotid a. and internal jugular v., hooks around external carotid a., to lie on the hyoglossus before entering tongue

n      Supplies muscles of tongue

 

Cervical part of sympathetic trunk 颈交感干

n      Formed by superior , middle and inferior cervical ganglia and interganglionic branches

n      Superior cervical ganglion: largest, situated in front of transverse processes of C1~C3 vertebra

n      Middle cervical ganglion: smallest, is at level of  transverse processes of C6 vertebra

n      Inferior cervical ganglion: situated at level of C7 vertebra, and may be fused with first thoracic ganglion to form cervicothoracic ganglion    颈胸神经节

Thyroid gland 甲状腺

Shape and position

n      H-shape

n      Left and right lobes: lie on either side of inferior part of larynx and superior part of trachea, extend from middle of thyroid cartilage to level of sixth trachea cartilage

n      Isthmus: overlies 2nd to 4th tracheal cartilage

n      Pyramidal lobe: some times arises from isthmus

Fibrous capsule:

     A sheath of pretracheal fascia which is attached to arch of cricoid and thyroid cartilages, hence, the thyroid gland moves with larynx during swallowing and oscillates during speaking

 

Relations

n      Anteriorllyskin , superficial fascia, investing fascia, infrahyoid muscles and pretracheal layer

n      Posteromedialy larynx and trachea, pharynx and esophagus, recurrent laryngeal n.

n      Posterolateralycarotid sheath and cervical part of sympathetic trunk

Arteries of thyroid gland and nerves of larynx

Superior thyroid a.

n      Branch of external carotid a.

n      Runs superficial and parallel to the external branch of superior laryngeal n. to reach the upper pole of thyroid gland

n      Gives off superior laryngeal a. in company with internal branch of superior laryngeal n.

 

 

Superior laryngeal nerve

n      Internal branch which pierces thyrohyoid membrane to innervates mucous membrane of larynx above fissure of glottis

n      External branch is fine n., which descends in company with the superior thyroid a. and supplies  cricothyroid

 

 

 

Inferior thyroid artery 甲状腺下动脉

n      Branch of thyrocervical trunk off subclavian a.

n      Turns medially and downward, reaches the posterior border of the thyroid gland and is closely related to the recurrent laryngeal n.

n      Supplies inferior pole of thyroid gland

Recurrent laryngeal nerves 喉返神经

n      Ascend in tracheo-esophageal groove

n      Pass deep to the lobe of the thyroid gland and come into close relationship with the inferior thyroid a.

n      Cross either in front of or behind the artery of may pass between its branches

n      Nerves enter larynx posterior to cricothyroid joint, the nerve is now called inferior laryngeal nerve

n      Innervations: laryngeal mucosa below fissure of glottis , all laryngeal laryngeal muscles except cricothyroid  

 

 

Arteria thyroid ima 甲状腺最下动脉

n      May arise (4%) from the brachiocephalic a. or aortic arch

Venous drainage

n      Superior and middle thyroid veins into internal jugular vein

n      Inferior thyroid veins to left brachiocephalic vein

 

 

 

Parathyroid gland 甲状旁腺

n      Yellowish-brown, ovoid bodies

n      Position

q     Two superior parathyroid glands: lie at junction of superior and middle third of posterior border of thyroid gland

q     Two inferior parathyroid glands: lie near the inferior thyroid artery, close to the inferior poles of thyroid gland

n      Function: regulate calcium and phosphate balance and is therefore essential for life

- 作者: huiqun2001 2006年12月27日, 星期三 16:21  回复(1) |  引用(1) 加入博采